The clean blood is returned to your body. Hemodialysis is usually performed at a dialysis center three times per week for 3 to 4 hours at a time. In peritoneal dialysis, a fluid is put into your abdomen. This fluid captures the waste products from your blood. Then, a fresh bag of fluid is dripped into the abdomen. Patients can perform peritoneal dialysis themselves. Patients using continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis CAPD change fluid four times a day. Another form of peritoneal dialysis, called continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis CCPD , can be performed at night with a machine that drains and refills the abdomen automatically.
A donated kidney may come from an anonymous donor who has recently died or from a living person, usually a relative. The kidney that you receive must be a good match for your body. The more the new kidney is like you, the less likely your immune system is to reject it. Your immune system protects you from disease by attacking anything that is not recognized as a normal part of your body. If you are in the early stages of renal disease, you may be able to save your remaining renal function for many years by:.
Kidney cross section Blood enters your kidneys through your renal arteries. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Ferri FF. Acute kidney injury. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor Elsevier; Accessed July 16, Goldman L, et al. In: Goldman-Cecil Medicine. American Kidney Fund. You may feel itchy because you have dry skin. Using a moisturizer may help. Or, you may feel itchy because you have too much phosphorus in your blood.
Eating less phosphorus may help stop the itching. Your health care provider may prescribe a medicine called a phosphate binder for you to take with meals. These medicines keep the phosphorus in your food from entering your bloodstream. Treatment with dialysis or transplant will help you feel better and live longer.
Your health care team will work with you to create a treatment plan to address any health problems you have. Your treatment will include steps you can take to maintain your quality of life and activity level. Your eating plan plays an important role. When you have kidney failure, what you eat and drink may help you maintain a healthy balance of salts, minerals, and fluids in your body.
Physical activity is an important part of staying healthy when you have kidney failure. Being active makes your muscles, bones, and heart stronger. Physical activity also makes your blood travel through your body faster so your body gets more oxygen. Your body needs oxygen to use the energy from food. Talk with your doctor before you start a new exercise routine. Start slowly, with easier activities such as walking at a normal pace or gardening.
Work up to harder activities such as walking briskly. Aim to be active on as many days as possible. People who have kidney failure may have trouble sleeping. Sleep loss can affect your quality of life, energy level, and mood. Restless leg syndrome , sleep apnea , pain, or itching may make it hard for you to sleep.
You can take a number of steps to improve your sleep habits. For example, physical activity during the day and a warm bath before bed may help you sleep better at night. Avoid caffeine after lunchtime.
Avoid alcoholic drinks before bed. Avoid smoking. Talk with your health care provider if you often feel sleepy during the day or have trouble sleeping at night. Health care providers can treat sleep disorders such as sleep apnea or restless leg syndrome.
Kidney failure will affect your emotions, nerves, hormones, and energy levels, all of which may change your sexual relationships. Taking good care of yourself by managing your kidney disease and controlling your blood pressure and blood glucose levels can help prevent some sexual problems, such as erectile dysfunction.
Getting counseling may help with some emotional problems, such as anxiety and depression, which can get in the way of having satisfying sex. You may feel shy asking questions about your sex life, but your health care team has heard the same questions from other people. Your provider is trained to help you address concerns about your sex life.
Many people with kidney failure continue to work. KidneyWorks is a program to help people with kidney disease keep working. This type of kidney failure is called acute kidney injury or acute renal failure. Common causes of acute renal failure include:. This type of kidney failure is not always permanent. Your kidneys may go back to normal or almost normal with treatment and if you do not have other serious health problems. Having one of the health problems that can lead to kidney failure does not mean that you will definitely have kidney failure.
Living a healthy lifestyle and working with your doctor to control these health problems can help your kidneys work for as long as possible. If your kidneys stop working suddenly acute kidney failure , you may notice one or more of the following symptoms:. Having one or more of any of the symptoms above may be a sign of serious kidney problems. If you notice any of these symptoms, you should contact your doctor right away.
If you have kidney failure end-stage renal disease or ESRD , you will need dialysis or a kidney transplant to live. There is no cure for ESRD, but many people live long lives while on dialysis or after having a kidney transplant. There are just a few options for treating kidney failure, including kidney transplant and several types of dialysis.
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